HOW PREGNANCY AND NEWBORN BABIES ARE AFFECTED BY HYPERTENSIVE DISEASE

 

If untreated, preeclampsia can cause difficulties for the mother and the unborn child as well as premature birth or death. The placenta is thought to be the origin of the hypertensive state. Every year on May 22, preeclampsia, a serious and hazardous pregnancy complication, is recognised as World Preeclampsia Day. The European Foundation for the Care of Newborn Infants has declared that "Act Early! Screen Early!" will be the subject of this year's World Preeclampsia Day. After the 20th week of pregnancy, a woman may get preeclampsia, a dangerous hypertensive disease in which she has high blood pressure, evidence of liver or kidney damage, excessive amounts of protein in the urine, or other indications of organ damage. If untreated, preeclampsia can cause difficulties for both the mother and the baby, cause premature birth, or even end in death. The foetus receives less blood, oxygen, and nutrients when the woman's placenta is not receiving enough blood, which can result in a condition known as foetal growth restriction.

A preeclampsia woman's unborn child may not put on enough weight throughout the pregnancy. Intrauterine growth restriction is a condition where the pace of foetal development is slower than usual. Pregnancy is a transformative and beautiful phase in a woman's life, but it can also come with certain health challenges. One such concern is hypertensive disease, which refers to high blood pressure during pregnancy. This condition can have significant effects on both the mother and the newborn baby.

Hypertensive disease during pregnancy is broadly categorized into two types: gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Gestational hypertension typically occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy and is characterized by elevated blood pressure without the presence of proteinuria (excess protein in the urine). Preeclampsia, on the other hand, involves high blood pressure along with proteinuria and may lead to complications affecting various organs. For the mother, hypertensive disease poses risks such as reduced blood flow to vital organs, including the liver, kidneys, and brain. It can also lead to the development of blood clots, liver and kidney dysfunction, and in severe cases, organ failure or stroke. Additionally, preeclampsia increases the likelihood of preterm birth, which can result in further complications for both the mother and the baby.

 

The hypertensive disease also has a direct impact on the unborn baby. Reduced blood flow through the placenta can hinder the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, leading to growth restriction or low birth weight. In severe cases, it can even result in stillbirth. Additionally, preeclampsia may disrupt the development of the baby's organs, particularly the lungs and brain. Managing hypertensive disease during pregnancy involves close monitoring of blood pressure levels, regular prenatal check-ups, and potential interventions such as medication or bed rest. Expectant mothers must work closely with their healthcare providers to ensure a healthy pregnancy.

After delivery, the mother's blood pressure usually returns to normal. However, there may still be a need for continued monitoring and management to minimize the risk of postpartum complications. Newborns affected by hypertensive disease may require specialized care, particularly if they were born prematurely or have experienced intrauterine growth restriction. In conclusion, hypertensive disease during pregnancy can have significant effects on both the mother and the baby. 

Timely detection, proper management, and regular prenatal care are vital to mitigate the risks associated with this condition. By working closely with healthcare professionals, expectant mothers can strive to have a healthy pregnancy and give birth to a thriving baby.

 

"Preeclampsia damages the placenta's blood vessels and impairs the fetus's ability to get oxygen. The infant may receive less blood and oxygen, as well as fewer nutrients if the placenta does not receive enough blood. Foetal growth limitation, which can arise, is a result of this. Preeclampsia can also lead to unplanned preterm birth, which is defined as delivery before 37 weeks. birth before 37 weeks may protect both mother and child by lowering some risks, hence preterm birth can also be a therapy for the disease.